Dizziness

Rule in:HAcromegaly, HAcute Stroke, IECushing Syndrome +1 more

Rule out:SHAcromegaly, SHAcute Stroke, SHHypothyroidism +2 more

Acute Aortic Dissection

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Acute Mastoiditis (Child)

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Rule out:HAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Acute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Acute Otitis Externa

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Rule out:HAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Acute Otitis Media

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Acute Otitis Media (Child)

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Rule out:HAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Acute Pericarditis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Acute Stroke

Rule in:HAcromegaly, HAcute Stroke, IECushing Syndrome +1 more

Rule out:SHAcromegaly, SHAcute Stroke, SHHypothyroidism +2 more

Acute Thoracic Aortic Dissection

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Adrenal Insufficiency

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Adverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Alcohol Intoxication

Rule in:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Rule out:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Alcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Anemia

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Pallor Evaluation

Rule in:SHAnemia

Rule out:MHAnemia

Anticholinergic Toxicity

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Aortic Coarctation

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Aortic Dissection

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Aortic Regurgitation

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Aortic Sclerosis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Aortic Stenosis

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Atrial Fibrillation

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Atrial Septal Defect

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Atrioventricular Dissociation

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Autonomic Failure

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Autonomic Neuropathy

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Baker Cyst Rupture

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Basilar Skull Fracture

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Bilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Brain Tumor

Rule in:VHBrain Tumor, HStroke, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Rule out:VHStroke, MHBrain Tumor, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Cardiac Tamponade

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Carotid Artery Stenosis

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Carotid Dissection

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Carotid Embolism

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Cellulitis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Central Vestibular Lesion

Rule in:IECentral Vestibular Lesion, IEPosterior Canal BPPV

Dix-Hallpike Maneuver

Rule out:IECentral Vestibular Lesion, IEPosterior Canal BPPV

Cerebellar Disease

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Finger-to-nose

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Heel-to-shin

aka Heel-knee-shin test

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Rule in:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Rule out:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Cerebral Palsy

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Cholesteatoma

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Rule out:HAcute Otitis Media (Child), IEAcute Mastoiditis (Child), IEAcute Otitis Externa +1 more

Cholinergic Toxicity

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Chronic Hypertension

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Circulatory Shock (Undifferentiated)

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Cirrhosis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Complete Heart Block

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Constrictive Pericarditis

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Convergence Insufficiency

aka Near point of convergence (NPC) test

Convergence

Rule in:SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Rule out:VHVestibular Migraine, SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Cor Pulmonale

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Cranial Nerve III Palsy

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Crohn Disease

Rule in:SHCrohn Disease, SHLung Cancer, SHUlcerative Colitis +2 more

Rule out:IEIron-deficiency Anemia, IESystemic Sclerosis

Cushing Syndrome

Rule in:HAcromegaly, HAcute Stroke, IECushing Syndrome +1 more

Rule out:SHAcromegaly, SHAcute Stroke, SHHypothyroidism +2 more

Deconditioning

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Diabetic Retinopathy

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Drug-induced Parkinsonism

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Dyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia)

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Endocarditis

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Essential (Primary) Hypertension

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Fall Risk / Mobility Impairment in Older Adults

Rule in:NHFall Risk / Mobility Impairment in Older Adults

Timed Up-and-go Test

Rule out:NHFall Risk / Mobility Impairment in Older Adults

First-degree AV Block

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Foot Drop or Distal Weakness

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Frailty

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Frailty or Deconditioning

Rule in:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Rule out:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Frontal Lobe Gait Disorder

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Functional Gait Disorder

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Glaucoma

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Heart Failure

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Heart Failure (Bedbound Patient)

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Heart Failure with Tachycardia

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Hematologic Malignancy

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Hemorrhage

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

HIV Retinopathy

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Horner Syndrome

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Hyperdynamic State

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Hypertensive Emergency

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Hypertensive Heart Disease

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Hypertensive Retinopathy

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis)

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Hypoalbuminemia

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Hypothyroidism

Rule in:HAcromegaly, HAcute Stroke, IECushing Syndrome +1 more

Rule out:SHAcromegaly, SHAcute Stroke, SHHypothyroidism +2 more

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Hypothyroidism (Myxedema)

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Hypovolemia

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Increased Intracranial Pressure

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Infectious Mononucleosis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Iron-deficiency Anemia

Rule in:SHCrohn Disease, SHLung Cancer, SHUlcerative Colitis +2 more

Rule out:IEIron-deficiency Anemia, IESystemic Sclerosis

L5 Radiculopathy

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Large Pericardial Effusion

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Left Bundle Branch Block

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Leukemia

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Lipedema

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Low-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Lower Extremity Pain

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Lung Cancer

Rule in:SHCrohn Disease, SHLung Cancer, SHUlcerative Colitis +2 more

Rule out:IEIron-deficiency Anemia, IESystemic Sclerosis

Lymphedema

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Lymphoma

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Macular Degeneration

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Malignant Otitis Externa

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Medication Effect

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Medication Effect (Calcium Channel Blockers, NSAIDs)

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Mitral Regurgitation

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Mitral Stenosis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Mixed Aortic Valve Disease

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Motor Neuron Disease (ALS)

Rule in:VHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule out:SHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Multiple Sclerosis

Rule in:VHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule out:SHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Finger-to-nose

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Heel-to-shin

aka Heel-knee-shin test

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Rule in:VHBrain Tumor, HStroke, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Rule out:VHStroke, MHBrain Tumor, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Myasthenia Gravis

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Myelofibrosis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Nephrotic Syndrome

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Neurosyphilis

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Opioid Intoxication

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Optic Atrophy

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Optic Nerve Disease

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Otitis Externa

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Otitis Media with Effusion

Rule in:VHAcute Otitis Media, SHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture +3 more

Rule out:VHOtitis Media with Effusion, IEBasilar Skull Fracture, IEEustachian Tube Dysfunction +2 more

Parkinson Disease

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule in:HAcromegaly, HAcute Stroke, IECushing Syndrome +1 more

Rule out:SHAcromegaly, SHAcute Stroke, SHHypothyroidism +2 more

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Peripheral Artery Disease

Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction

Alternate Cover Test (Test of Skew)

aka Cross-cover test

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

aka Head thrust test; Halmagyi test

Head Impulse Test

Rule in:HPosterior Circulation Stroke, SHPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction

Rule out:HPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, HPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

HINTS Exam

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Nystagmus Characterization

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Pneumonia

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Pontine Stroke

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Poor Neurologic Outcome After Cardiac Arrest

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Posterior Canal BPPV

Rule in:IECentral Vestibular Lesion, IEPosterior Canal BPPV

Dix-Hallpike Maneuver

Rule out:IECentral Vestibular Lesion, IEPosterior Canal BPPV

Posterior Circulation Stroke

Alternate Cover Test (Test of Skew)

aka Cross-cover test

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

aka Head thrust test; Halmagyi test

Head Impulse Test

Rule in:HPosterior Circulation Stroke, SHPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction

Rule out:HPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, HPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

HINTS Exam

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Nystagmus Characterization

Rule in:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Rule out:IEPeripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, IEPosterior Circulation Stroke

Posterior Column Dysfunction

Rule in:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Rule out:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Postpericardiotomy Syndrome

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Rule in:VHAutonomic Neuropathy, VHHemorrhage, VHHypovolemia +5 more

Rule out:VHAutonomic Failure, VHHemorrhage, MHAutonomic Neuropathy +4 more

Pregnancy

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Prolonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic)

aka Near point of convergence (NPC) test

Convergence

Rule in:SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Rule out:VHVestibular Migraine, SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Prosthetic Valve

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Proximal Myopathy

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Pulmonary Embolism

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Pulmonary Hypertension

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Pulmonic Regurgitation

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Pulmonic Stenosis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Right Bundle Branch Block

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Right Ventricular Infarction

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Right-sided Valvular Lesion

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Sensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Heel-to-shin

aka Heel-knee-shin test

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction)

Rule in:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Rule out:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Sepsis

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Septic Shock (Severity Stratum Within Established Sepsis)

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Severe Anemia

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Rule in:HAtrial Fibrillation, SHHypothyroidism, SHPneumonia +7 more

Rule out:VHAtrial Fibrillation, MHAdverse Short-term Outcome in Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism, IECardiac Tamponade +5 more

Severe Aortic Regurgitation

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Severe Brain Injury

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Severe Hypoalbuminemia

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis +11 more

Rule out:MHHeart Failure, NHDeep Vein Thrombosis, IEBaker Cyst Rupture +10 more

Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Severe Traumatic Brain Injury / Poor Neurologic Outcome

Rule in:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Rule out:IEAnticholinergic Toxicity, IECholinergic Toxicity, IECranial Nerve III Palsy +7 more

Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Spinal Cord Disease

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Spinal Cord Lesion

Rule in:VHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule out:SHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Splenic Abscess

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Splenic Infarction

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Splenomegaly

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Stroke

Rule in:VHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule out:SHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule in:VHBrain Tumor, HStroke, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Rule out:VHStroke, MHBrain Tumor, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Stroke (Left Hemisphere)

Rule in:IEStroke (Left Hemisphere)

Speech Assessment

Rule out:IEStroke (Left Hemisphere)

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Subclavian Artery Stenosis

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Systemic Sclerosis

Rule in:SHCrohn Disease, SHLung Cancer, SHUlcerative Colitis +2 more

Rule out:IEIron-deficiency Anemia, IESystemic Sclerosis

Tabes Dorsalis

Rule in:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Rule out:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Takayasu Arteritis

Rule in:HAortic Stenosis, HTakayasu Arteritis, SHAortic Dissection +7 more

Rule out:SHAortic Stenosis, IEAortic Regurgitation, IECarotid Artery Stenosis +5 more

Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves Orbitopathy)

Rule in:SHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Rule out:MHAnemia, IEDyslipidemia (Hyperlipidemia), IEHorner Syndrome +4 more

Transient Ischemic Attack

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Tricuspid Stenosis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Tuberculosis or Sarcoidosis

Rule in:VHGlaucoma, SHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Rule out:SHGlaucoma, MHDiabetic Retinopathy, MHIncreased Intracranial Pressure +13 more

Ulcerative Colitis

Rule in:SHCrohn Disease, SHLung Cancer, SHUlcerative Colitis +2 more

Rule out:IEIron-deficiency Anemia, IESystemic Sclerosis

Unilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Rule in:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Finger-to-nose

Rule out:IECerebellar Disease, IEMultiple Sclerosis, IEUnilateral Cerebellar Lesion

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion

Rule in:VHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule out:SHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion, IEMotor Neuron Disease (ALS), IEMultiple Sclerosis +2 more

Rule in:VHBrain Tumor, HStroke, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Rule out:VHStroke, MHBrain Tumor, NHUpper Motor Neuron Lesion +1 more

Uremic Pericarditis

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Vascular Parkinsonism

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Ventricular Septal Defect

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Vestibular Dysfunction

Rule in:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Rule out:SHVestibular Dysfunction, IEAlcohol Intoxication, IECerebellar Disease +2 more

Vestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated)

Rule in:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Rule out:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Vestibular Migraine

aka Near point of convergence (NPC) test

Convergence

Rule in:SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Rule out:VHVestibular Migraine, SHProlonged Recovery After Sport-related Concussion (Prognostic), IEConvergence Insufficiency

Visceral Leishmaniasis

Rule in:SHCirrhosis, SHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia +10 more

Rule out:MHInfectious Mononucleosis, IEChronic Myeloid Leukemia, IECirrhosis with Portal Hypertension +9 more

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Rule in:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Rule out:IESensory Ataxia (Posterior Column Dysfunction), IETabes Dorsalis, IEVestibular Dysfunction (Uncompensated) +1 more

Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Sensory Ataxia)

Rule in:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Rule out:IEAcute Neurologic Event or Severe Pain, IEAlcohol-related Cerebellar Degeneration, IEBilateral Hip Arthritis or Disease +20 more

Volume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss

Rule in:VHAortic Regurgitation, VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HAcute Aortic Dissection +11 more

Rule out:VHVolume Depletion From Significant Blood Loss, HLow-output State (Low Cardiac Index) Within Established Chronic Heart Failure, SHAcute Aortic Dissection +10 more

Volume Overload

Cardiac Auscultation

Rule in:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHeart Failure, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction +34 more

Rule out:VHAortic Stenosis, VHHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Obstruction, SHAortic Regurgitation +33 more

Rule in:VHHypovolemia, HHeart Failure, HRight Ventricular Infarction +8 more

Rule out:HRight Ventricular Infarction, SHHypovolemia, SHPulmonary Hypertension +8 more

Wilson Disease