Physical examination maneuver

Physical Exam

Knee Active Range of Motion

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Video coming September 2026

How to Perform

Ask the patient to move the knee actively through flexion and extension, comparing sides, and note any rotation available with the knee flexed. Observe the range achieved, the smoothness of motion, whether full extension is reached, and any pain, catching, or restriction.

How to Interpret

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References

  • Hollier J, Leonardi C, Igbokwe L, Dasa V. Knee Range of Motion as a Discriminatory Tool Indicating Potential Meniscal Tears. Ochsner J. 2018;18(2):126-130. PMID: 30258292.
  • Bickley LS, Szilagyi PG, Hoffman RM, Soriano RP. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 2021.
  • Swartz MH. Textbook of Physical Diagnosis: History and Examination. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2025.

Related Systems / Regions

Lower ExtremitiesMusculoskeletal

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Rule out:VHAnterior Cruciate Ligament Tear
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